Keratosis pilaris is usually easy to recognize by its characteristic appearance. Common symptoms include:

• Small, rough bumps that resemble goosebumps or sandpaper
• Skin-colored, white, or red bumps often clustered on the upper arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks
• Dryness and rough patches, particularly in colder or low-humidity weather
• Occasional itching or irritation, though the condition is usually painless
• Worsening during winter months, when skin is drier

Keratosis pilaris does not typically cause serious discomfort, but many patients seek treatment because of its texture or cosmetic impact.

Keratosis pilaris occurs when keratin, a protein that helps protect the skin, builds up and plugs hair follicles. This blockage leads to the small bumps associated with the condition.

Key contributing factors include:

• Genetics: It often runs in families, and individuals with a parent who has keratosis pilaris are more likely to develop it.
• Skin type: People with dry skin or eczema (atopic dermatitis) are more prone to keratosis pilaris.
• Age: It is most common in children and adolescents but may persist into adulthood.
• Seasonal changes: Symptoms often worsen during colder months when humidity is lower.

The exact reason why keratin builds up in some individuals is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to both genetic and environmental influences.

Diagnosis of keratosis pilaris is usually straightforward and does not require special testing. At Peak Skin Center, our board-certified dermatologist and providers typically make the diagnosis by:

• Performing a physical examination of the affected skin areas
• Reviewing medical and family history for associated conditions like eczema or asthma
• Ruling out other skin conditions that may mimic keratosis pilaris, such as folliculitis or acne

Because keratosis pilaris is harmless, no lab tests or biopsies are typically needed unless there is uncertainty about the diagnosis.

There is no cure for keratosis pilaris, but there are many treatments that can help smooth the skin, reduce bumps, and improve texture. At Peak Skin Center, we create individualized care plans that may include:

Topical Therapies

• Moisturizers and emollients: Daily use of rich, fragrance-free creams helps soften skin and reduce dryness.
• Exfoliating creams: Topicals containing alpha hydroxy acids (like lactic acid or glycolic acid), urea, or salicylic acid help gently dissolve keratin plugs and smooth the skin’s surface.
• Topical retinoids: For more persistent cases, retinoids (such as tretinoin) can improve cell turnover and unclog follicles.

• dye laser) may help reduce redness and improve appearance.

Long-Term Skin Care Strategies

Because keratosis pilaris tends to recur, ongoing skin care is essential:

• Use gentle cleansers instead of harsh soaps
• Avoid aggressive scrubbing, which can worsen irritation
• Apply moisturizers immediately after bathing to lock in hydration
• Use humidifiers in dry environments to help maintain skin moisture

With consistent care, many patients see significant improvement in the look and feel of their skin.