Seborrheic dermatitis presents with a variety of symptoms, which may flare and subside over time. Common signs include:

• White or yellow flakes on the scalp, hair, eyebrows, or beard (dandruff)
• Red, inflamed skin under the flakes or scales
• Greasy or oily patches of skin, often with overlying scale
• Itching or burning sensations on affected areas
• Involvement beyond the scalp: common sites include the sides of the nose, eyelids, chest, and upper back

While dandruff is the most recognizable form, seborrheic dermatitis can extend to other oil-rich areas of the skin, causing ongoing irritation.

The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis isn’t fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute:

• Overgrowth of yeast (Malassezia): A yeast that naturally lives on the skin may overgrow, leading to inflammation and flaking.
• Excess oil production: Sebaceous (oil) glands are most active in affected areas, fueling yeast growth and irritation.
• Skin barrier dysfunction: Compromised skin defenses make irritation and flares more likely.
• Genetic and environmental factors: Cold weather, stress, or illness can worsen symptoms.
• Associated conditions: People with neurological conditions (like Parkinson’s disease) or weakened immune systems may experience more severe cases.

At Peak Skin Center, diagnosis begins with a physical examination. The team at Apex Skin Center will typically identify seborrheic dermatitis based on:

• The pattern of skin involvement, especially in oil-rich areas
• The appearance of scales (greasy, yellow or white, often over red skin)
• A review of symptoms, triggers, and flare frequency

In rare cases, if the rash does not respond to treatment or mimics other conditions (such as psoriasis, eczema, or fungal infections), your dermatologist may recommend additional testing or a skin scraping/biopsy.

Although seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic condition that tends to wax and wane, treatments can effectively manage symptoms and keep flares under control.

Topical Therapies

• Medicated shampoos: Over-the-counter or prescription shampoos with ingredients like zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, coal tar, or salicylic acid are first-line for scalp involvement.
• Topical antifungal creams: Ketoconazole or ciclopirox creams help reduce yeast overgrowth.
• Topical corticosteroids: Mild steroids may be used short-term to reduce redness and inflammation.
• Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus): Steroid-sparing options for sensitive areas like the face and eyelids.

Ongoing Skin Care Strategies

• Wash regularly with gentle cleansers and medicated shampoos as prescribed.
• Avoid harsh soaps or over-washing, which can worsen irritation.
• Use moisturizers to restore the skin barrier and reduce flaking.
• Manage stress and lifestyle triggers, which often worsen flares.

With consistent treatment, most patients can keep seborrheic dermatitis under excellent control.